Fluid-pressure motor.



M. S. DARLING. FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I9, I9I6.

1 46,559. Patented Nov. 13, 1917.

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FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

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rLUID-rnnssUnn MOTOR.

To all whom z'tmay concern: I

Be it known that 1, MARK S. DARLING, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Conrad, in the county of. Teton and State of Montana, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Fluid-Pressure Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to improve ments in fluid pressure motors and-more par-- rangements herein described and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide a rotary motor simple in its construction and adapted for the use of compressed fluids.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide a simple but eiiicient inlet and discharge valve for the fluid, by the turning of which the direction of rotation of the device may readily be reversed.

Another object of the invention is to provide a compressed fluid actuated brake for the rotor.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the motor, the fluid valve being positioned in such relationship with the casing as to direct the fluid against the rotor in such a manner as to drive it in a clockwise direction;

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section taken substantially on the line 22 of s Figs. 3, i, and 5 are cross sectlons on the lines 3 3, and 55 respectively of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a detail cross section on the line 66 of Fig. 1, illustrating the operation of the impact spring;

Fig. 7 is a detail cross section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectlon of a portion of the motor illustrating certain modlficatlons, and

Fig. 9 is a cross section on line 9*?) of Fig. 8.

In carrying out my invention, I employ a motor casing or housing 1 which may be provided with a suitable pedestalsee Fig. 2,

' by means of which the casing-l may be Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 13, H.317.

Application filed December 19, 1916. Serial No. 137,780.

rigidly stationed and braced against vibratlon. 1

The casing l is provided with an extension or sub-h0using 2 which, by the position of other structures presently to be described, comprises oppositely disposed throats or passageways 8 and 4%. p p I Supported by the sub-housing 2 and secured thereto by. suitable bolts, isan inner casing designated 5. The casing 5 is hoodticularly of the rotary type, and it COIlSlStS in the constructions, combinations, and arshaped,since, as will be observed from Fig: 1, 1t 1s segmental in formation and is con-. structed concentrically with the housing or outer casing 1. Merging with the inner case b i 7 it will readily be perceived, by reference to Figs. 3 and 4,.that the central d1spos1- tion of the connecting neck 6 in the throa or passageway of the sub-housing 2, divides thesub-housing 2 into the oppositely disposed passageways 3 and 1,, as previously explained.

Secured to the plate 7 coaxially' with the connectingneck 6, is a fluid inlet pipe- 8. The, fluid inlet pipe 8 in communication with the upper and inlet chamber-9 of a cylindrical fluid valve 10. The fluid valve 10 includes a lower and outlet chamber 11,

the inlet and outlet chambers 9 and 11 respectively being separated by a partition12. By referring to Figs. 1- and 3 of the drawings, it will be observed that the inlet chamber 9 of the valve 10 is provided with a single inlet port 13, which when the valve 10 is in the position illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, is in registration with one of a pair of op positely disposed openings 1% and 15 in the neck 6. It will readily be observed that the registration of the port13 of the valve 10 with either the opening 14 or 15, will govern thedirection of the passage'of the fluid into the throatways of the sub-housing 2.

By reference to Figs. 1 and at it will be observed that the lower or outlet chamber 11 of the valve 10 is provided with a plurality'of fluid outlet ports 16, and that the neck ,6 atnplaces adjacent thereto, is provided with oppositely disposed outlet open- 1?. Disposed at one side of the neck (3, a1... arranged in an even plane with the port 16, a fluid outlet pipe 18, the valve 10 having facilities whereby it may be turned so t-h are moved into registration with the outlet openings 17 one side and the outlet pipe 13, to ermit the proper exhaust of the spent fluid in accordance with the relative posi-, us of the inlet port 13 and openings 14 and 15.

Arranged coaxially of. the valve and passing through the chamber 11, is a fluid passage 19 through which fluid is directed from the chamber 9 to a fluid brake at certain times, and in a manner presently to be explained.

By reference more particularly to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the valve 10 is provided near its upper end with an annular gear 21.

The gear 21 meshes with an intermediate gear which in turn meshes with a pinion 23 mounted on the shaft of a hand wheel 24. The pinion 23 and gear are rotatably mounted in a suitably arranged extension of the housing. Suitable anti-friction bearings 26 are provided for the valve 10, to facilitate the rotational movement thereof, when the hand wheel 24 is turned.

Attention is now directed to Fig. 2 of the drawings, in which it will be seen that a rotor is located in the outer circular casing or housing 1 wherein it has bearings 30, suitable tongue and groove connections 27 being provided which serve the function of guards against the escape of gas or fluid. The horizontal thrust of the rotor 26 is received by anti-friction bearings 28 of which one train is located at each side of the rotor. The casing 1 is provided with tubular, laterally eX- tended bearings 29, one of which is supported rotatably in the circular chamber formed at one side of the casing 1 and having a flange bolted to a corresponding flange of a horizontal support 32. The other one of the shaftlike extensions 29 is threaded internally as shown in Fig. 2, this extension 29 being made of a greater diameter to accommodate the screwing of a drive wheel 33 into the internally threaded portion, the drum 33 being arranged to support the hub of a drive wheel 34. The drum 33 is hollow, and communicates with the chamber 35 of the rotor 26 and is closed by a suitable cap 36. The housing 1 is closed at one side by a cover plate 37 and may be provided at the bottom thereof with a cleanout plug 38.

The rotor 26 comprises a pair of circularplates which have their bearings in the housing 1 at the places 30 as previously described,

the circular plates being joined by a drum 39. The drum 39 forms the supporting elementof a plurality of pairs of vanes or blades 40 and 41, as best shown in Fig. 1.

certain ones of the outlet ports 16 free end of each plate, the inner end of said spring being secured to a screw plug 44 which is suitably threaded into the drum 39 so that the spring 43 may be adjusted to the tension required. The spring 43 acts as an abutment or cushion for the blade, and in certain instances, also serves to initiate the movement of the blade toward the housing 1. It will be'plainly seen that the formation of the rotor with its central drum 39 and circular plate 26, defines a passage for the fluid which is substantially a continuation of the throats or passageways 3 and 4 of the subhousing 2. It will be seen in Fig. the segmental inner casing 5 covers the upper portion of the rotor drum 39 and causes the blades 40 and 41 to be retained in close contact therewith.

lVhen, by the rotation of the drum 39, the free endsof'the blades 41 pass from the cover of the inner casing 5 at the right side, considering the rotor as moving in a clockwise direction, the fluid will immediately occupy the space beneath the blades 41 and drive them outwardly against the casing 1., The initial movement of the blades 41 is produced by the expansion of the springs 43. It should be observed that only the blades 41 are thrown outwardly or extended, since they are hinged in such a manner as to oppose the passage of the fluid. The blades 40, on the other hand, will continue to be tightly pressed against the rotor drum 39, by the motive fluid which is under high compression, this compression of the fluid being great enough to prevent the action of the spring 43 adjacent to the ends of the blades 40, and thus prevent these blades 40 from receiving even their initial movement.

The respective blades 40 and 41 are laid back upon the surface of the rotor drum 39 when what may be termed the end of a stroke is reached, by curved guide braces 45, these guide braces 45 being best shown in Fig. 1. The members 45 brace the inner cas ing 5 against the outer casing 1, and are arranged in such a position that they will be engaged by the free ends of the blades which may be moving on the surface of the housing 1 in. a direction thereto, and gradually close the blades against the drum 39 to their normal positions, as indicated in Fig. 1.

In order to prevent the escape of fluid from one side of the rotor casing to the other around the connecting neck 6, resilient 1 that? strips. 46 areconnected to the acent por tions of the neck 6 as best shown in Fig. 5, thepurpose of the strips v46 being to engage the adjacent surfaces of the revolving circular rotor plate 26. V

By referring now'to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the neck 6 of the inner casing 5 is providedwith a suitableshoulder on which, a valve housing 47 is supported, the valve housing 47 being joined with a second housing 48 by a fluid connection 49. The brake member 20 previously referred to, is mov--.

ably mounted in the brake housing 48, being supported therein by suitable springs 50 which normally hold the brake member 20 out of engagement with the adjacent surfaces of the blades 40 and 41.

Located in a recess in the housing 47..is a fluid valve 51, this valve being in the nature of a slide valve which is provided with a hollow stem 52 at oneside which extends to a place exterior of the casing. A hand lever 53 connected with the end of the hollow rod 52 and serves to move the valve 51 back and forth when it is desired'to open and close communication between the connection of the valve 10 and the brake chamber 48. Thevalve 51 is provided with a duct 54, which, as shown in Fig. 1, is normally out of registration with the central fluid passages 19 and 49, this passage in the present position being closed. The hollow stem 52 has communication with the connection 49 through an opening 55, a similar opening 56 being provided at the outer end of the stem 52, topermit the escape of gas from the brake housing 48 and relievethe pressure on the brake 20. I

Provision is also made forthe proper lubrication of the moving parts of the device, by the application of suitable grease or oil cups 57 at the required places as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2. v

Having described the construction of the device, the operation thereof is as follows: If it be desired to run the motor in a clockwise direction, as indicated in Fig; 1, the cylinder valve 10 is turned through the medium of the hand wheel 24 and the associated gear connection, until the valveport 13 moves into registration with the opening 14 of the neck 6, as shown in Fig. 1. At this time the opening 15 will be closed. At the same time the opening 17 in the neck 6 at the right side of Fig. 1, will also be closed, while the opening 17 at the left side will be open, with the outlet chamber 11 through the port 16. By reference to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the plural ports 16 are in such positions that the fluid entering the chamber 11 will pass out of the outlet pipe 18. The path of the fluid is thus directed from the inlet pipe 8, through the right side of the valve 10 into-the throat or passage 3, and into the rotor channel. the

, moving motive fluid.

successivebladestl move from beneath the cover ofthe hoodlike inner casing 5, they are initially; impelled outwardly by the As soon as the free end of the bladedis- I engages the edge of the inner casing 5, it is quickly thrown outinto engagement with the outer casing 1, and becomes the propelling member of the rotor 26. This. position of onerof the blades 41 is indicated in Fig.

1, which also shows the base of the blade about to be engaged by the curved brace 45..

When suchengagement occurs,' the blade'41 is folded inwardly to its normal position against the drum 39, another blade 41 in the meantime assuming a similar position to that just occupied by the folded-in blade.

Should it bedesired to reverse the direction of rotation of the rotor, the valve 10v is simply rotated until the port 13 moves into registration withv the outlet 15, and the ports 16 assumepositions opposite to those shown in Fig. 4, when the fluid will be directed into the throat 4 and into the rotor channelv at the leftsi de in 1.

WVhen this occurs, the blades 41 will be caused to lie against the surface of the rotor 39 by the pressure ofthemovi ng fluid, and the blades 40 willbe projected across the channel until they engage the outer casing 1, the rotor being then moved in a counter-v clockwise direction. 7 I

Reference is now directed to Fig. 8 of the drawings, which it will be observed is simie lar totheparts illustratedin Fig. 1. In this instance thecircular plates 26 of the rotor are provided with recesses 58 having portions 59 against which the blades40 and 41 rest, when they are moved outwardly in the manner previously described. The provision of theserecesses 58 necessitates the widening of the neck 6. The neck 6is provided-with packing strips 46, as previously described, and shown .in Fig. 5. These strips 46 bear against the surface of the circular plates 26 and thedimension of the. neck in this region is of ample width to prevent the escape of gases from the chamher 3 to the chamber 4- of the rotor casing, when the recesses move into, position therebeneath. 4

While 7 the construction and arrangement of the device as described is that of a preferred form, obviously variations thereof may be made without departing from the spirit of they invention or the scope of the claims.

1 claim; a 1

1. In .afluid pressure motor, the combination ofan outer casing, an inner concentri cally arrangedcasing having a neck, a rotor having a drum partly inclosed by the inner casing, blades hinged on the drum, certain ones being arranged to swing in opposite directions, a valve having a port for directing t e fluid against certain ones of the blades as they leave the cover of the inner casing, and pneumatically actuated means for braking the movement of'the rotor. I

2. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outer casing, an inner segmental casing having a neck, a rotor comprising a drum and circular plates forming a fluid channel, said drum being partly inclosed by the inner casing, pairs of blades hinged on the drum and movable beneath the inner casing, means for initiating the outward movement of certain ones of the blades as they pass from beneath the inner casing, means for admitting a fluid to the channel at one side to impact the initiated blades, and means located in the aforesaid neck adjacent to the rotor drum for braking the rotation thereof.

3. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outer casing, an inner segmental casing having a neck, a rotor comprising a drum and circular plates forming a fluid channel, said drum being partly inclosed' by the inner casing, pairs of blades hinged on the drum and movable beneath the inner casing, means for initiating the outward movement of certain ones of the blades as they pass from beneath the inner casing, meansfor admitting a fluid to the channel at one side to impact the initiated blades, means located in the aforesaid neck adjacent to the rotor drum for braking the rotation thereof, said means being arranged to be operated by fluid pressure.

4. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outer casing including a subhousing, an inner casing having a neck supported in the sub-housing, said neck having fluid openings, a rotor vcomprising a drum partly covered by the inner casing, and plates rotatable on the outer casing, the rotor forming a channel partitioned by the neck, plural pairs of blades fulcrumed on the rotor and arranged to engage therewith While passing beneath the inner casing, springs for initiating the outward movement of certain ones of the blades upon passing from beneath the inner casing and moving in one direction, a valve in the neck having a portadapted to register with one of the openings to direct a fluid into the channel from one side and impact the initiated blades, a fluid-actuated brake for the rotor, and a slide'valve for controlling the fluid to the brake.

5. Ina fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outer casing, an inner segmental casing disposed concentrically thereto, guide braces between the inner and outer casings, a rotor comprising a drum partly covered by the inner casing and having circular plates movable on the outer casing, pairs of blades'fulcrume'd on the drum, certain ones beingarranged to engage one of the guides. to fold the blade against thedrum While 'movingin one direction, means for initiating the outward movement of the said blade upon being freed for admitting an impact fluid against the initiated blade.

6. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outer casing, an inner segmental casing having a neck, a rotor partly inclosed to the brake housing and actuating the brake,a valve for controlling the fluid to the brake, said valve including exhaust ducts to permit the escape of the fluid from the brake upon closure of the valve.

7. In a fluid pressure motor,- the combina tion of an outer casing having a sub-housing, an inner segmental casing having a neck dividing the Sub-housing into throats, a rotor comprising a drum and circular plates movable at either side of the neck and engaging the outer casing, pairs of blades pivoted on the drum, certain ones of the blades being arranged to engage the outer casing as they move from beneath the cover of the inner casing, means for admitting an impact fluid, and means on the neck adjacent to the circular plates for preventing the escape of the fluid from one throat to the o her.

8. In a fluid pressuremotor, the combination of an outer casing having a sub-housing, an inner segmental casing having a neck dividing the sub-housing into throats, a rotor comprising a drum and circular plates movable at either side of the neck and engaging the outer oasing, pairs of blades pivoted on the drum, certain ones of the blades being arranged to engage the outer casing as they move from beneath the cover of the inner casing, means for-admitting an impact fluid, and means on the neck adjacent to the circular plates for pr venting the escape of the fluid, said last named means comprising resilient packing strips.

I 9. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outside casing, an inside casing arranged so as to form a fluid channel, a spool-shaped rotor in the outside casing, having a drum partly inelosed'by the inside casing, blades fulcrumed on the drum and swingable in opposite directions, a valve associated With a portion of the inside casing to admit a fluid, and means cooperative With the blades to initiate certain ones thereof into the channel to be impacted by the fluid when traveling in one direction.

10. In a fluid pressure motor, the combination of an outer casing, an inner segmental casing having a neck, a rotor comprising a drum and circular plates, said drum being partly inclosed by the inner casing, the circular plates having recesses, pairs of blades hinged on the drum and movable beneath the inner casing, said blades being adapted to rest in the recesses, means for initiating the outward movement of certain ones of the blades as they pass from beneath the inner casing, means for admitting a fluid at one side to impact the initiated blades, and means located in the aforesaid neck adjacent to the rotor drum for braking the rotation thereof.

- MAR-K S; DARLING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

